查看Ch15.4 Sensor Transduction - Pain的源代码

== 概述 ==

Somatic sensation is the most widespread and diverse of the body’s sensory systems (soma means “body” in Greek). Its receptors are distributed throughout the body instead of being condensed into small and specialized sensory surfaces, as most other sensory systems are arranged. Somatosensory receptors cover the skin, subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscles, bones and joints, major internal organs, epithelia, and cardiovascular system. These receptors also vary widely in their specificity. The body has mechanoreceptors to transduce pressure, stretch, vibration, and tissue damage; thermoreceptors to gauge temperature; and chemoreceptors to sense a variety of substances. Somatic sensation (or somesthesia) is usually considered to be a combination of at least four sensory modalities: the senses of touch, temperature, body position (proprioception), and pain (nociception).

躯体感觉是身体最广泛和最多样化的感觉系统（soma 在希腊语中意为“身体”）。它的受体分布在整个身体，而不是像大多数其他感觉系统那样浓缩成小而特殊的感觉表面。体感受体覆盖皮肤、皮下组织、骨骼肌、骨骼和关节、主要内脏器官、上皮细胞和心血管系统。这些受体的特异性也差异很大。身体有机械感受器来传导压力、拉伸、振动和组织损伤;温度感受器用于测量温度;和化学感受器来感知各种物质。躯体感觉（或感觉）通常被认为是至少四种感觉模式的组合：触觉、温度、身体位置（本体感觉）和疼痛（伤害感受）。

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