查看狗狗血管肉瘤的手术与多柔比星治疗的源代码

== 组织学分类 (Histological Classijication ) ==

一名病理学家 （BEP） 对每位患者的代表性组织样本进行了评估，该病理学家 （BEP） 对研究其余部分的结果不知情。虽然以下评分系统以前未用于血管肉瘤，但类似的评分系统已用于软组织肉瘤、滑膜细胞肉瘤、多小叶骨软骨肉瘤和肺癌。[8-11]

Representative tissue samples were evaluated from each patient by one pathologist (BEP) who was blinded to the results of the rest of the study. Although the scoring system noted below has not been used before for hemangiosarcoma, similar scoring systems have been used for soft tissue sarcoma, synovial cell sarcoma, multilobular osteochondrosarcoma, and lung carcinoma.[8-11]


组织学标准。对每个肿瘤进行整体分化评分，其中：1 = 具有大量不规则血管通道的分化良好肿瘤（图 I）;2 = 中度分化肿瘤，至少 50% 的肿瘤显示明确的血管通道：3 = 低分化肿瘤，主要由固体细胞片组成，血管通道很少（图 2）。核多形性评分为 0、I、2 或 3，分别表示无、轻度、中度或显着多形性，其中：0 = 细胞核在大小和形状方面没有差异;1 = 核大小和形状的最小变化;2 = 中等程度的变异，小于原子核之间两倍的核大小差异：3 = 显著或显着的变异程度，通常是核大小的两倍或更多变化。坏死量估计为 0 = 无;我=<25%;2 = 25% 至 50%;3 = >50%。统计每10 400X场有丝分裂数，有丝分裂评分为0 = 510：1 = 11至20;2 = 21 到 30：3 = >30。每种肿瘤的总分是通过将每个标准的单独分数相加来确定的：总体分化、核多形性、坏死百分比和有丝分裂评分。分配了一个等级，其中 1 = 总分 0 到 5;2 = 总分 6 到 9;3 = 总分 10 到 12。

Histological Criteria. Each tumor was scored for overall differentiation, where: 1 = a well-differentiated tumor with numerous, irregular vascular channels (Fig I); 2 = a moderately differentiated tumor with at least 50% of the tumor revealing well-defined vascular channels: and 3 = a poorly differentiated tumor mostly consisting of solid sheets of cells with few vascular channels (Fig 2). Nuclear pleomorphism was scored 0, I, 2, or 3, indicating none, mild, moderate, or marked pleomorphism, respectively, where: 0 = no difference between nuclei in regard to size and shape; 1 = minimal variation in nuclear size and shape; 2 = a moderate degree of variation, less than a difference of double nuclear size among nuclei: and 3 = a substantial or marked degree of variation, often double or more variation in nuclear size. The amount of necrosis was estimated as 0 = none; I = <25%; 2 = 25% to 50%; and 3 = >50%. The number of mitoses per 10 400X fields were counted, and the mitotic score was 0 = 510: 1 = 11 to 20; 2 = 21 to 30: and 3 = >30. The total score for each tumor was determined by adding the individual scores for each criterion: overall differentiation, nuclear pleomorphism, percentage of necrosis, and mitotic score. A grade was assigned where 1 = total score of 0 to 5; 2 = total score of 6 to 9; 3 = total score of 10 to 12.

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