狗狗原发性心脏血管肉瘤的流行病学、临床和病理特征：51例的回顾
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== 摘要 (Abstract) == | == 摘要 (Abstract) == | ||
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| + | == 结论 (Results) == | ||
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| + | 肿瘤呈结节状或灰状，边界较差，在许多情况下，壁有弥漫性浸润，涉及其整个厚度。肿瘤的最大尺寸范围从 1 厘米到 15 厘米或更大，但大多数约为 2 到 5 厘米。肿块呈斑驳的白色/红色或暗红色，具体取决于细胞的程度和血管间隙中的血液量。由于肿瘤内有大量的血液，它们中的许多是松散的稠度。RA 肿块经常凸出心外膜或心内膜，有时侵犯 RA 腔。 | ||
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| + | 肿瘤的重量有相当大的差异;最轻的为 0.8 克，最重的为 87.2 克（平均 18.7 克± 17.6 克）。RAu组的TW/BW值范围为0.1至1.3，RA组的TW/BW值范围为0.7至4.8。RA组平均TW/BW值（2.6±1.2）显著高于RAu组（0.6±0.4）（P<0.001）。 | ||
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| + | 对 51 只狗的尸检研究表明，38 只 （75%） 患有转移性疾病。受影响部位包括肺（33,87%）、脾脏（17,45%）、肝脏（16,42%）、心脏其他部位，包括心包（8,21%）、皮下组织（6,16%）、肾脏（5,13%）、肠系膜（4,11%）、肠道（4,11%）、网膜（4,11%）、脑（3,8%）、肾上腺（3,8%）、腹膜（2,5%）、内脏淋巴结（1,3%）和膈肌（1， 3%）（表1）。 | ||
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| + | 肿瘤的组织学图像在狗内部和狗之间各不相同，显示出不同程度的血管分化。它的范围从典型的海绵状结构，在微妙的结缔组织框架上具有分化良好的纺锤形细胞，形成充满血液的腔和通道，到具有低分化、多形性细胞的相当坚固的结构，其中细胞衬里的血管空间不明显。在这两个极端之间，有一些中间形式显示出一个广泛而不规则的网络，通常相当狭窄的空间和通道。同一肿瘤表现出不同形式的分化并不罕见。免疫组化染色的程度和强度因肿瘤的组织学模式而变化不大，尽管同一切片的不同区域之间或同一病例的不同切片之间存在一些差异。在所有 51 只狗中，肿瘤细胞对波形蛋白和 CD 31 表现出中度至强的弥漫性免疫反应性，对因子 VIII 相关抗原的轻度、罕见的阳性染色;然而，它们的细胞角蛋白呈阴性。 | ||
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| + | The tumors were nodular or botryoidal and poorly circumscribed, and in many cases, there was diffuse infiltration of the wall involving its entire thickness. The tumors ranged from 1 cm to 15 cm or more in greatest dimension, but most were approximately 2 to 5 cm. The masses were mottled white/red or dark red depending on the degree of cellularity and the amount of blood in the vascular spaces. Many of them were of loose consistency, because of a considerable amount of blood inside the tumors. The RA masses were often seen to bulge out beyond the epicardium or endocardium, sometimes encroaching upon the RA cavity. | ||
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| + | There was a considerable range in the weight of the tumors; the lightest was 0.8 g and the heaviest 87.2 g (mean 18.7 ± 17.6 g). The TW/BW value ranged from 0.1 to 1.3 for the RAu group and from 0.7 to 4.8 for the RA group. The mean TW/BW value for the RA group (2.6 ± 1.2) was significantly higher than that for the RAu group (0.6 ± 0.4) (P<0.001). | ||
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| + | Postmortem study of the 51 dogs showed that 38 (75%) had metastatic disease. Affected sites included the lungs (33, 87%), spleen (17, 45%), liver (16, 42%), other parts of the heart including the pericardium (8, 21%), subcutaneous tissues (6, 16%), kidneys (5, 13%), mesentery (4, 11%), intestines (4, 11%), omentum (4, 11%), brain (3, 8%), adrenal glands (3, 8%), peritoneum (2, 5%), visceral lymph nodes (1, 3%) and diaphragm (1, 3%) (Table 1). | ||
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| + | The histological picture of the tumors varied within and between dogs, showing varying degrees of vascular differentiation. It ranged from a typical cavernous structure with well-differentiated, spindle-shaped cells on a delicate connective tissue framework forming blood-filled cavities and channels, to a rather solid configuration with poorly differentiated, pleomorphic cells in which cell-lined vascular spaces were not obvious. Between these two extremes, there were intermediate forms that displayed an extensive and irregular network of usually fairly narrow spaces and channels. It was not unusual for the same tumor to show diverse forms of differentiation. The extent and intensity of immunohistochemical staining did not vary greatly depending on the histological pattern of the tumor, although there was some variation between different areas in the same section or among different sections in the same case. In all 51 dogs, the tumor cells exhibited moderate-to-strong, diffuse immunoreactivity for vimentin and CD 31 with mild, infrequent positive staining for factor VIII-related antigen; however, they were negative for cytokeratin. | ||
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| + | == 讨论 (Discussion) == | ||
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| + | == Reference == | ||
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2024年6月26日 (三) 16:28的版本
原文：https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23811814/
目录 |
1 摘要 (Abstract)
2 结论 (Results)
肿瘤呈结节状或灰状，边界较差，在许多情况下，壁有弥漫性浸润，涉及其整个厚度。肿瘤的最大尺寸范围从 1 厘米到 15 厘米或更大，但大多数约为 2 到 5 厘米。肿块呈斑驳的白色/红色或暗红色，具体取决于细胞的程度和血管间隙中的血液量。由于肿瘤内有大量的血液，它们中的许多是松散的稠度。RA 肿块经常凸出心外膜或心内膜，有时侵犯 RA 腔。
肿瘤的重量有相当大的差异;最轻的为 0.8 克，最重的为 87.2 克（平均 18.7 克± 17.6 克）。RAu组的TW/BW值范围为0.1至1.3，RA组的TW/BW值范围为0.7至4.8。RA组平均TW/BW值（2.6±1.2）显著高于RAu组（0.6±0.4）（P<0.001）。
对 51 只狗的尸检研究表明，38 只 （75%） 患有转移性疾病。受影响部位包括肺（33,87%）、脾脏（17,45%）、肝脏（16,42%）、心脏其他部位，包括心包（8,21%）、皮下组织（6,16%）、肾脏（5,13%）、肠系膜（4,11%）、肠道（4,11%）、网膜（4,11%）、脑（3,8%）、肾上腺（3,8%）、腹膜（2,5%）、内脏淋巴结（1,3%）和膈肌（1， 3%）（表1）。
肿瘤的组织学图像在狗内部和狗之间各不相同，显示出不同程度的血管分化。它的范围从典型的海绵状结构，在微妙的结缔组织框架上具有分化良好的纺锤形细胞，形成充满血液的腔和通道，到具有低分化、多形性细胞的相当坚固的结构，其中细胞衬里的血管空间不明显。在这两个极端之间，有一些中间形式显示出一个广泛而不规则的网络，通常相当狭窄的空间和通道。同一肿瘤表现出不同形式的分化并不罕见。免疫组化染色的程度和强度因肿瘤的组织学模式而变化不大，尽管同一切片的不同区域之间或同一病例的不同切片之间存在一些差异。在所有 51 只狗中，肿瘤细胞对波形蛋白和 CD 31 表现出中度至强的弥漫性免疫反应性，对因子 VIII 相关抗原的轻度、罕见的阳性染色;然而，它们的细胞角蛋白呈阴性。
The tumors were nodular or botryoidal and poorly circumscribed, and in many cases, there was diffuse infiltration of the wall involving its entire thickness. The tumors ranged from 1 cm to 15 cm or more in greatest dimension, but most were approximately 2 to 5 cm. The masses were mottled white/red or dark red depending on the degree of cellularity and the amount of blood in the vascular spaces. Many of them were of loose consistency, because of a considerable amount of blood inside the tumors. The RA masses were often seen to bulge out beyond the epicardium or endocardium, sometimes encroaching upon the RA cavity.
There was a considerable range in the weight of the tumors; the lightest was 0.8 g and the heaviest 87.2 g (mean 18.7 ± 17.6 g). The TW/BW value ranged from 0.1 to 1.3 for the RAu group and from 0.7 to 4.8 for the RA group. The mean TW/BW value for the RA group (2.6 ± 1.2) was significantly higher than that for the RAu group (0.6 ± 0.4) (P<0.001).
Postmortem study of the 51 dogs showed that 38 (75%) had metastatic disease. Affected sites included the lungs (33, 87%), spleen (17, 45%), liver (16, 42%), other parts of the heart including the pericardium (8, 21%), subcutaneous tissues (6, 16%), kidneys (5, 13%), mesentery (4, 11%), intestines (4, 11%), omentum (4, 11%), brain (3, 8%), adrenal glands (3, 8%), peritoneum (2, 5%), visceral lymph nodes (1, 3%) and diaphragm (1, 3%) (Table 1).
The histological picture of the tumors varied within and between dogs, showing varying degrees of vascular differentiation. It ranged from a typical cavernous structure with well-differentiated, spindle-shaped cells on a delicate connective tissue framework forming blood-filled cavities and channels, to a rather solid configuration with poorly differentiated, pleomorphic cells in which cell-lined vascular spaces were not obvious. Between these two extremes, there were intermediate forms that displayed an extensive and irregular network of usually fairly narrow spaces and channels. It was not unusual for the same tumor to show diverse forms of differentiation. The extent and intensity of immunohistochemical staining did not vary greatly depending on the histological pattern of the tumor, although there was some variation between different areas in the same section or among different sections in the same case. In all 51 dogs, the tumor cells exhibited moderate-to-strong, diffuse immunoreactivity for vimentin and CD 31 with mild, infrequent positive staining for factor VIII-related antigen; however, they were negative for cytokeratin.
3 讨论 (Discussion)
4 Reference
