RTL 433
来自Jack's Lab
（版本间的差异）
(→门磁) |
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model : Kerui-Security ID (20bit): 0xe9e55 | model : Kerui-Security ID (20bit): 0xe9e55 | ||
Command (4bit): 0xe opened : 1 State : open | Command (4bit): 0xe opened : 1 State : open | ||
| − | _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ | + | _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ |
time : 2023-12-06 18:44:09 | time : 2023-12-06 18:44:09 | ||
model : Smoke-GS558 id : 21820 | model : Smoke-GS558 id : 21820 | ||
2023年12月6日 (三) 18:46的版本
目录 |
1 Overview
发射部分多是声表谐振器 (Surface Acoustic Wave Resonators)：
常见频率 315MHz 和 433MHz
通电、信号脚为 1 就发射
发射编码部分通常用 PT2262/eV1527 编码芯片，也可直接通过程序控制发射
亦有采用 Si4010 这类 C51 mcu 集成 OOK&FSK RF 功能的超小体积芯片解决方案
2 Quick Start
$ rtl_433 -f 433.92M -X "n=Tesla,m=OOK_MC_ZEROBIT,s=400,r=1200,t=60" $ rtl_433 -c /usr/local/etc/rtl_433/tesla_charge-port-opener.conf
PWM
- short: Nominal width of 1 pulse [us]
- long: Nominal width of 0 pulse [us]
- sync: Nominal width of sync pulse [us] (optional)
OOK_MC_ZEROBIT : Manchester Code with fixed leading zero bit
2.1 Input
-d 0 # Using the first RTL-SDR found (by default) -d driver=lime -d rtl_tcp://192.168.1.2:1234 # input from a file -r g001_433.92M_250k.cu8
Config the input:
[-f <frequency>] Receive frequency(s) (default: 433920000 Hz)
[-H <seconds>] Hop interval for polling of multiple frequencies (default: 600 seconds)
[-E hop | quit] Hop/Quit after outputting successful event(s)
[-s <sample rate>] Set sample rate (default: 250000 Hz)
[-g <gain> | help] (default: auto)
[-t <settings>] apply a list of keyword=value settings for SoapySDR devices
e.g. -t "antenna=A,bandwidth=4.5M,rfnotch_ctrl=false"
[-p <ppm_error>] Correct rtl-sdr tuner frequency offset error (default: 0)
2.2 Output
The default output is to the screen
-F kv prints to the screen -F json prints json lines -F csv prints a csv formatted file -F mqtt sends to MQTT -F influx sends to InfluxDB -F csv:log.csv # Append output to file -F mqtt:127.0.0.1:1514
Write all received RAW data to a file with:
- -w <filename>
- -W <filename> to overwrite an existing file
Store raw sample data:
rtl_433 can write a file for each received signal. This is the preferred mode for generating files to later analyze or add as test cases.
-S all to write all signals to files, -S unknown to write signals which couldn't be decoded to files, -S known to write signals that could be decoded to files.
The saves signals are raw I/Q samples (uint8 pcm, 2 channel).
-A # Pulse Analyzer. Enable pulse analysis and decode attempt. -R 0 # Disable all decoders -v to show detailed notes on startup, -vv to show failed decoding attempts, -vvv to show all decoding attempts,
2.3 Modulation
OOK_MC_ZEROBIT : Manchester Code with fixed leading zero bit OOK_PCM : Non Return to Zero coding (Pulse Code) OOK_RZ : Return to Zero coding (Pulse Code) OOK_PPM : Pulse Position Modulation OOK_PWM : Pulse Width Modulation OOK_DMC : Differential Manchester Code OOK_PIWM_RAW : Raw Pulse Interval and Width Modulation OOK_PIWM_DC : Differential Pulse Interval and Width Modulation OOK_MC_OSV1 : Manchester Code for OSv1 devices FSK_PCM : FSK Pulse Code Modulation FSK_PWM : FSK Pulse Width Modulation FSK_MC_ZEROBIT : Manchester Code with fixed leading zero bit
- FSK：两个不同的频率分别代表 0 和 1，FSK 信号要想准确判定是 1 还是 0 (高频率还是低频率), 总是要等几个信号周期
- OOK：On-Off Keying，当“1”出现时接通振幅为 A 的载波，“0” 出现时关断载波。是 ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) 振幅键控调制的一个特例
- ASK：相当于模拟信号中的调幅，只不过与载频信号相乘的是二进制数。移幅就是把频率、相位作为常量，而把振幅作为变量。
如上图所示，载波经过调制之后可以有 4 个幅度，分别为 V0=00、V1=01、V2=10、V3=11, 每一个幅度可以代表 2 个 bit，这样它的传输速率就是 OOK 的 2 倍
更多参考：
3 Build
$ sudo apt-get install libtool libusb-1.0-0-dev librtlsdr-dev rtl-sdr build-essential cmake pkg-config $ git clone https://github.com/merbanan/rtl_433 $ cd rtl_4333 $ ./do_build.sh $ cd build $ sudo make install -- Installing: /usr/local/include/rtl_433_devices.h -- Installing: /usr/local/bin/rtl_433 -- Installing: /usr/local/etc/rtl_433/CAME-TOP432.conf ......
4 Radio/RCSwitch 参考
/* Sends a "0" Bit
* _
* Waveform Protocol 1: | |___
* _
* Waveform Protocol 2: | |__
* __
* Waveform Protocol 4: | |_
*/
void Radio::send0() {
if (this->nProtocol == 1){
this->transmit(1,3);
} else if (this->nProtocol == 2) {
this->transmit(1,2);
} else if (this->nProtocol == 3) {
this->transmit(4,11);
} else if (this->nProtocol == 4) {
this->transmit(1,2);
}
}
/* Sends a "1" Bit
* ___
* Waveform Protocol 1: | |_
* __
* Waveform Protocol 2: | |_
* __
* Waveform Protocol 4: | |_
*/
void Radio::send1() {
if (this->nProtocol == 1){
this->transmit(3,1);
} else if (this->nProtocol == 2) {
this->transmit(2,1);
} else if (this->nProtocol == 3) {
this->transmit(9,6);
} else if (this->nProtocol == 4) {
this->transmit(2,1);
}
}
Protocol 1:
- pulse_len = 350us
- 0: H350x1_L350x3 <--- 则 s=350,l=1050
- 1: H350x3_L350x1
- pre = 350us x 31
Protocol 2: 650us,
Protocol 3: 100us,
Protocol 4:
- pulse_len = 350us
- 0: H350x1_L350x2 <--- s=350,l=700
- 1: H350x2_L350x1
- pre = 350us x 14
5 分析
原来老方法：天使之翼遥控晾衣架分析
$ rtl_433 -f 433.93M -A -S all # 生成文件: g001_433.93M_250k.cu8
在浏览器中分析生成的文件 g001_433.93M_250k.cu8
WJX 有频繁数据：
$ rtl_433 -f 433.25M -X 'n=WJX,m=FSK_PCM,s=4,l=4,r=4096'
PWM
- short: Nominal width of 1 pulse [us] （高电平时间）
- long: Nominal width of 0 pulse [us] （低电平时间）
- sync: Nominal width of sync pulse [us] (optional)
6 门磁
@433.97MHz
| 1643104 | 2023-12-03 10:45:31 | {"meta":"0,4,337,40","value":"0000004F0546F011","fwver":"1.1.6"} |
| 1643103 | 2023-12-03 10:30:19 | {"meta":"0,4,340,40","value":"000000B63E800011","fwver":"1.1.6"} |
| 1643102 | 2023-12-03 10:30:07 | {"meta":"0,4,338,40","value":"000000B63E800011","fwver":"1.1.6"} |
| 1643101 | 2023-12-03 10:29:14 | {"meta":"0,4,339,40","value":"000000B63E800055","fwver":"1.1.6"} |
| 1643100 | 2023-12-02 23:04:48 | {"meta":"1,1,264,24","value":"00000000007D55F0","fwver":"1.1.6"} |
| 1643099 | 2023-12-02 21:15:53 | {"meta":"0,1,356,24","value":"00000000006AAC45","fwver":"1.1.6"} |
{"meta":"0,1,297,24","value":"0000000000E834DE"}
ch0, protocol 1, delay = 297us，则 1: H300x3_L300x1， 0: H300x1_L300x3
# protocol 1, delay=300, 24bit # # pulse_len=350us # 0: H350x1_L350x3 <--- s=350,l=1050 # 1: H350x3_L350x1 # pre: 350us x 31 $ rtl_433 -f 433970000 -s 1024k -x "n=door,m=OOK_PULSE_PWM,s=300,l=900,y=9100,tolerance=60" time : 2023-12-06 18:44:09 model : Kerui-Security ID (20bit): 0xe9e55 Command (4bit): 0xe opened : 1 State : open _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ time : 2023-12-06 18:44:09 model : Smoke-GS558 id : 21820 unit : 23 learn : 0 Raw Code : 7aa797
7 TSLA
@433.93MHz (433.933MHz)
- The button on the charge handle is pressed, the signal is repeated at 0.15s intervals for 10 times.
- The code is the same for all Tesla charge port
- The transmitter hardware is reported to be using a Si4010
- There is always 2 rows = 094aa9b38da19 and 1 row = 094aa9b38da18.
time : @0.203604s
model : Tesla charge port opener count : 5 num_rows : 5 rows :
len : 13 data : 0000,
len : 52 data : 094aa9b38da19,
len : 52 data : 094aa9b38da19,
len : 51 data : 094aa9b38da18,
len : 1 data : 0
codes : {13}0000, {52}094aa9b38da19, {52}094aa9b38da19, {51}094aa9b38da18, {1}0
# Tesla charge port opener
decoder {
name = Tesla charge port opener,
modulation = OOK_MC_ZEROBIT,
short = 400,
reset = 1200,
tolerance = 50,
match = 094aa9b38da19,
rows = 5
repeats = 2,
countonly,
}
$ rtl_433 -f 433930000 -X "n=Tesla,m=OOK_MC_ZEROBIT,s=400,r=1200,t=60" $ rtl_433 -c /usr/local/etc/rtl_433/tesla_charge-port-opener.conf
https://github.com/merbanan/rtl_433/blob/master/conf/tesla_charge-port-opener.conf
https://github.com/merbanan/rtl_433_tests/pull/392
https://github.com/fredilarsen/TeslaChargeDoorOpener
发射采用 6SC2 (CP7L, MSOP10) + loop 天线，体积极小。核心芯片 6SC2 应该类似 https://www.silabs.com/documents/public/data-sheets/Si4010.pdf
8 Lifesense LS102
Body scale @433.24MHz or 433.35MHz
原接收端使用一个 Si4431 的模块 (FSK & OOK) https://www.silabs.com/documents/public/data-sheets/Si4430-31-32.pdf
比较接近：
$ rtl_433 -f 433.25M -X 'n=LS102,m=FSK_PCM,s=400,l=400,r=2000'
# cat /jffs/configs/dnsmasq.d/apiiot #address=/lifesense.com/192.168.1.79 address=/lsdevicedata.lhealthcenter.com/192.168.1.79 #address=/lsdevicedata.lhealthcenter.com/101.36.126.202: GET /devicedataservice/dataservice?data=25645dd70011650000000000000000000041374104000000000000000000c4ebb14f HTTP/1.1 Host: lsdevicedata.lhealthcenter.com Connection: keep-alive 64:5d:d7:00:11:65 --------------------- HTTP/1.1 200 Server: Tengine Date: Mon, 10 Oct 2022 00:21:19 GMT Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Content-Length: 58 A00000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000bec650a1
9 PH sensor
decoder {
name = Given Imaging Bravo,
modulation = OOK_PWM,
short = 360,
long = 711,
gap = 1070,
reset = 12000000,
bits = 59,
invert,
get = @10:{16}:txid,
get = @26:{8}:msgid,
get = @34:{8}:pH1,
get = @42:{8}:pH2,
get = @50:{8}:crc
}
https://analogist.net/post/decoding-radio-ph-capsules-with-rtl_433/
10 Reference
- https://github.com/merbanan/rtl_433
- Transform SDR I/Q data
- LimeSDR 无线信号重放攻击和逆向分析
- http://www.quassi.nl/2014/05/19/sdr-433-mhz-door-bell/
- https://goughlui.com/2013/12/20/rtl-sdr-433-92mhz-askook-decoding-of-various-devices-with-rtl_433/
- https://analogist.net/post/decoding-radio-ph-capsules-with-rtl_433/
