APRS

来自Jack's Lab
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目录

1 Modem



2 Decode APRS with RTL SDR

RTL2832U


pi@raspberrypi ~ $ rtl_fm -f 144640000 -s 22050 - | multimon -a AFSK1200 -t raw /dev/stdin
multimod  (C) 1996/1997 by Tom Sailer HB9JNX/AE4WA
available demodulators: POCSAG512 POCSAG1200 POCSAG2400 EAS AFSK1200 AFSK2400 AFSK2400_2 HAPN4800 FSK9600 DTMF ZVEI SCOPE
Enabled demodulators: AFSK1200
Found 1 device(s):
  0:  Realtek, RTL2838UHIDIR, SN: 00000013

Using device 0: ezcap USB 2.0 DVB-T/DAB/FM dongle
Found Rafael Micro R820T tuner
Oversampling input by: 46x.
Oversampling output by: 1x.
Buffer size: 8.08ms
Tuned to 144893575 Hz.
Sampling at 1014300 Hz.
Output at 22050 Hz.
Exact sample rate is: 1014300.020041 Hz
Tuner gain set to automatic.
AFSK1200: fm BH1RBH-7 to SYUYT9-0 via WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1 UIv pid=F0
`,6gl-+K\>=
AFSK1200: fm BH1RBH-7 to SYUYT7-0 via WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1 UIv pid=F0
`,6glA,K\>=
pi@raspberrypi ~ $  rtl_fm -f 144640000 -s 22050 - | multimon-ng -a AFSK1200 -A -t raw /dev/stdin
Found 1 device(s):
  0:  Realtek, RTL2838UHIDIR, SN: 00000013

Using device 0: ezcap USB 2.0 DVB-T/DAB/FM dongle
multimon-ng  (C) 1996/1997 by Tom Sailer HB9JNX/AE4WA
             (C) 2012/2013 by Elias Oenal
available demodulators: POCSAG512 POCSAG1200 POCSAG2400 EAS UFSK1200 CLIPFSK AFSK1200 AFSK2400 AFSK2400_2 AFSK2400_3 HAPN4800
 FSK9600 DTMF ZVEI1 ZVEI2 ZVEI3 DZVEI PZVEI EEA EIA CCIR SCOPE
Enabled demodulators: AFSK1200
Found Rafael Micro R820T tuner
Oversampling input by: 46x.
Oversampling output by: 1x.
Buffer size: 8.08ms
Tuned to 144893575 Hz.
Sampling at 1014300 Hz.
Output at 22050 Hz.
Exact sample rate is: 1014300.020041 Hz
Tuner gain set to automatic.
APRS: BH1RBH-7>SYUYT9,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1:',6fl##K\>=


SDR Gateway:

pi@raspberrypi ~/pymultimonaprs $ rtl_fm -f 144640000 -s 22050 -p 0 -g 42 - | multimon-ng -a AFSK1200 -A -t raw /dev/stdin
Found 1 device(s):
multimon-ng  (C) 1996/1997 by Tom Sailer HB9JNX/AE4WA
             (C) 2012/2013 by Elias Oenal
available demodulators:  0:  Realtek, RTL2838UHIDIR, SN: 00000013

Using device 0: ezcap USB 2.0 DVB-T/DAB/FM dongle
 POCSAG512 POCSAG1200 POCSAG2400 EAS UFSK1200 CLIPFSK AFSK1200 AFSK2400 AFSK2400_2 AFSK2400_3 HAPN4800 FSK9600 DTR SCOPE
Enabled demodulators: AFSK1200
Found Rafael Micro R820T tuner
Oversampling input by: 46x.
Oversampling output by: 1x.
Buffer size: 8.08ms
Tuned to 144893575 Hz.
Sampling at 1014300 Hz.
Output at 22050 Hz.
Exact sample rate is: 1014300.020041 Hz
Tuner gain set to 42.00 dB.
APRS: BH1RBH-7>0PPPZZ,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1:'vX K\>EPRS=
pi@raspberrypi ~/pymultimonaprs $ pymultimonaprs -v
[2013-05-26 00:26:42]     INFO: connecting... 192.168.1.200:14580
[2013-05-26 00:26:42]     INFO: connected
[2013-05-26 00:26:42]     INFO: # aprsc 2.0.3-g898e4b5
[2013-05-26 00:26:42]     INFO: login BH1RBH-1 (PyMultimonAPRS 0.8.4)
[2013-05-26 00:26:42]     INFO: # logresp BH1RBH-1 verified, server COMCAT
[2013-05-26 00:26:44]    DEBUG: sending: BH1RBH-1>APRS,TCPIP*:=3959.40N/11627.00
[2013-05-26 00:26:44]    DEBUG: sending: BH1RBH-1>APRS,TCPIP*:>Running on Raspberry Pi
[2013-05-26 00:26:49]    DEBUG: sending: BH1RBH-7>0PPPZZ,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1
[2013-05-26 00:27:50]    DEBUG: sending: BH1RBH-7>0PPPZZ,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1:'vX K\>EPRS=

[2013-05-26 00:34:40]    DEBUG: sending: BH1RBH-7>APK003,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1::EPRS     :test{0
2013-05-23 14:43:17 CST: BH1RBH-7>SYUYQ1,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAS,BY1WJ:`,7ml*<K\>=
2013-05-23 14:52:01 CST: BH1RBH-7>SYUYQ1,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAS,BY1WJ:',7ll,'K\>=
2013-05-23 14:53:12 CST: BH1RBH-7>SYUYQ1,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAS,BY1WJ:`,7ll"-K\>=
2013-05-23 14:53:54 CST: BH1RBH-7>SYUYQ0,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAS,BY1WJ:',7ml"-K\>=
2013-05-23 14:54:56 CST: BH1RBH-7>SYUYQ0,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAS,BY1WJ:',7ll"-K\>=
2013-05-26 00:26:49 CST: BH1RBH-7>0PPPZZ,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1:'vX<0x1c><0x1c> <0x1c>K\>EPRS= [Latitude and longitude are both 0]
2013-05-26 00:27:50 CST: BH1RBH-7>0PPPZZ,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1:'vX<0x1c><0x1c> <0x1c>K\>EPRS= [Latitude and longitude are both 0]



3 结构

Tier 2 Network: http://www.aprs2.net/

Tier 2 Network Server Monitor: http://www.aprs2.net/mon.htm

Tier 2 Server List: http://www.aprs2.net/APRServe2.txt



4 网关 (iGate)

4.1 Windows

  • aprsg, aprx, or aprs4r in Linux
  • APRSIS32 in Windows

http://www.g4ilo.com/usblink.html



4.2 Linux

Intro: http://www.aprs-is.net



5 协议

5.1 AFSK

音频频移键控,物理层协议。用两个音频音调表示 0 和 1



5.2 AX.25

数据链路层协议




5.3 向 APRS-IS 直接推送消息

1. 连接服务器

$ nc 66.109.111.25 14580
# aprsc 2.0.0-gf5e3f21

2. 登陆

直接向 APRS 网络推送消息,需要身份验证,需要业余无线电呼号和 passcode。passcode 的申请,请写一个申请 email 给 pete@ae5pl.net

$ nc 66.109.111.25 14580
# aprsc 2.0.0-gf5e3f21
user YOUR_CALL_SIGNE pass YOUR_PASSCODE -1 ver "manual login".net

成功后会看到服务器返回:

 # logresp YOUR_CALL_SIGNE verified, server FIFTH

3. 推送消息

YOUR_CALL_SIGNE>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2CSNGRAD::EMAIL     :aprs-go@gmail.com testing via aprs{1

很快你就能在推送消息的服务器监控页里: http://66.109.111.25:14501 看到有你呼号的那一行的 'Packets Rx' 列,记数加了一个

可以在这个地址直接查看:http://aprs.fi/?c=raw&call=YOUR_CALL_SIGNE 刚刚推送的消息



5.4 RAW Data 分析

APRSdroid 发送:

2013-04-15 07:20:39 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2GYOR::EMAIL    :help.eprs@gmail.com testing via aprs{1
2013-04-15 07:22:09 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2GYOR::EMAIL    :help.eprs@gmail.com testing via aprs{1
2013-04-15 07:43:11 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2GYOR:=4000.00N/11631.20E$ http://aprsdroid.org/
2013-04-15 07:43:11 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2GYOR::EMAIL    :help.eprs@gmail.com testing via aprs{1
2013-04-15 23:06:00 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2HAM:=4000.00N/11631.20E$ http://aprsdroid.org/
2013-04-15 23:06:00 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2HAM::EMAIL    :help.eprs@gmail.com testing via aprs{1
2013-04-15 23:06:00 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2HAM::SMS      :help.eprs@gmail.com testing msg {1
2013-04-15 23:08:58 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2HAM:=4000.00N/11631.20E$ http://aprsdroid.org/
2013-04-15 23:08:58 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2HAM::SMS      :help.eprs@gmail.com testing msg {1
2013-04-15 23:08:58 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2HAM::EPRS     :tesing msg msg{1
2013-04-16 06:45:48 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2CSNGRAD:=4000.00N/11631.20E$ http://aprsdroid.org/
2013-04-16 06:45:48 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2CSNGRAD::EMAIL    :help.eprs@gmail.com testing via aprs{1
2013-04-16 06:45:48 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2CSNGRAD::EPRS     :tesing msg msg{1
2013-04-17 02:42:03 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2CSNGRAD:=4000.00N/11631.20E$ http://aprsdroid.org/
2013-04-17 02:42:03 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2CSNGRAD::EPRS     :tesing msg msg{1
2013-04-17 03:04:20 CDT: BY1WJ-5>APDR12,TCPIP*,qAC,T2CSNGRAD::EPRS     :tesing messages{1


手持台发送:

2013-05-22 23:52:01 PDT: BH1RBH-7>SYUYQ1,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAS,BY1WJ:',7ll,'K\>=
2013-05-25 09:26:49 PDT: BH1RBH-7>0PPPZZ,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1:'vX<0x1c><0x1c> <0x1c>K\>EPRS= [Latitude and longitude are both 0]
2013-05-25 09:38:42 PDT: BH1RBH-7>APK003,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1::EPRS     :test{0
2013-05-25 19:57:51 PDT: BH1RBH-7>APK003,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1::EMAIL    :liuhelga@gmail.com eprs testing msg via aprs{3
2013-05-25 20:33:32 PDT: BH1RBH-7>APK003,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1::BH1DCY-9 :73{5
2013-05-26 19:03:32 PDT: BH1RBH-7>3YUYZL,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAS,BY1WJ:`,6tl?XK\>EPRS=
2013-05-26 19:04:21 PDT: BH1RBH-7>3YUYZL,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1:`,6zlR}K\>EPRS=
2013-05-28 23:26:08 PDT: BH1RBH-7>3YUYQ1,APRSAT,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1:`,7ll"H[/>EPRS=
2013-05-28 23:27:55 PDT: BH1RBH-7>3YUYQ1,APRSAT,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1:`,7ml!t[/>EPRS=
2013-05-29 18:36:08 PDT: BH1RBH-7>3YUYS6,WIDE1-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1:`,6ulRg[/>EPRS=
2013-05-29 20:40:40 PDT: BH1RBH-7>0PPPPP,BH1RBH-1,WIDE2-1,qAS,BY1WJ:'vX<0x1c><0x1c> <0x1c>[/>EPRS= [Latitude and longitude are both 0]
2013-05-29 20:41:59 PDT: BH1RBH-7>0PPPPP,BH1RBH-1,qAS,BY1WJ:'vX<0x1c><0x1c> <0x1c>[/>EPRS= [Latitude and longitude are both 0]
2013-05-30 20:58:33 PDT: BH1RBH-7>APK003,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAS,BY1WJ::BH1RBH-7 :home alarm!{9
2013-05-30 21:18:59 PDT: BH1RBH-7>3YUYQ1,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAR,BH1RBH-1:`,7ml"q[/>EPRS=
2013-05-30 21:42:38 PDT: BH1RBH-7>3YUYQ0,WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1,qAS,BY1WJ:`,7ml5![/>EPRS=



5.5 MIC-E

http://www.tapr.org/kits_mic-e.html#message_format

https://github.com/hessu/aprsc/blob/master/src/parse_aprs.c [parse_aprs_mice]




5.6 APRS PATH

http://www.kd5om.com/aprspaths.htm

http://wa8lmf.net/DigiPaths/




6 APRS Satellites

Operational: GO32, semi: PCSAT1, Echo, ISS2, decayed: PCSAT2, ANDE, RAFT, and in-work, P-sat



APRS on ISS: http://www.ariss.net/index.cgi?absolute=1

APRS on NO-44: http://www.findu.com/cgi-bin/pcsat.cgi?absolute=1

ISS/APRS FAQ: http://www.aprs.org/iss-faq.html



7 HF APRS










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